RESUMO
OBJETIVO: identificar o perfil, a tendência e os determinantes da mortalidade materna por pré-eclâmpsia/eclâmpsia no estado do Paraná. MÉTODOS: estudo descritivo, de corte transversal sobre a mortalidade materna por pré-eclâmpsia/eclâmpsia, no período entre 1997 e 2005. Os dados foram obtidos dos estudos de caso elaborados pelos Comitês de Mortalidade Materna, que utilizam o método Reproductive Age Mortality Survey para investigação de todos os óbitos de mulheres em idade fértil. Foram calculadas a razão de mortalidade materna (RMM) geral e a específica por pré-eclâmpsia/eclâmpsia. Para avaliar a tendência, os triênios foram comparados dois a dois considerando-se a estimação da RMM em cada triênio (p<0,05). Foram analisados 56 óbitos por pré-eclâmpsia/eclâmpsia do triênio 2003 a 2005. As variáveis analisadas foram idade, renda, escolaridade, número e complicações nas gestações, condições do pré-natal, sinais e sintomas relacionados ao agravo, via de parto, tempo de interrupção da gestação, condições do recém-nascido, acesso e tratamento, evitabilidade e medidas de prevenção. RESULTADOS: a RMM geral por triênio apresentou tendência significativa de redução, chegando a 64,3/100.000 nascidos vivos. Houve estabilidade ao longo do tempo na RMM por transtornos hipertensivos, com RMM de 11,8/100.000 nascidos vivos. As mulheres acima de 40 anos e com baixo status socioeconômico apresentaram maiores riscos às primigestas. Constatou-se, com relação ao tratamento, subutilização ou o uso inadequado de medicamentos consagrados no tratamento da pré-eclâmpsia grave e da eclâmpsia. A análise dos comitês apontou que todos os óbitos maternos por este agravo poderiam ter sido evitados. CONCLUSÕES: recomenda-se a implementação de ações voltadas à minimização do conjunto de determinantes dos óbitos por pré-eclâmpsia no Paraná, incluindo a capacitação e o monitoramento dos profissionais de saúde para aplicação dos protocolos de tratamento e a formalização ...
PURPOSE: to identify the profile, tendency and causes of maternal death by pre-eclampsia/eclampsia in Paraná. METHODS: descriptive, transversal cohort study on maternal death by pre-eclampsia/eclampsia from 1997 to 2005. Data were obtained from case studies prepared by Maternal Death Committees that employ the Reproductive Age Mortality Survey Method to examine all the cases of death among women in fertile age. The general and specific maternal death rate (MDR) by pre-eclampsia/eclampsia were considered. To evaluate the tendency, triennial periods have been compared, two by two, taking into consideration the MDR of each period (p<0.05). In the triennial period from 2003 to 2005, 56 deaths by pre-eclampsia/eclampsia were analyzed. The variables focused were: age, income, schooling, gestation number and complications, pre-natal conditions, signs and symptoms related to the condition, delivery route, the time gestation was interrupted, the newborn conditions, access and treatment, ability to avoid and prevention measures. RESULTS: the general triennial MDR has presented significant decline, with 64.3/100,000 born-alive babies. There has been stability along the period for MDR by hypertensive disorder, with MDR of 11.8/100,000 born-alive. Primiparous women, women over 40 and with low socio-economical status have presented higher risks. In relation to the treatment, there has been underuse or inadequate use of conventional medicines for severe pre-eclampsia and eclampsia. The committees' analysis indicated that all the maternal death due to these conditions could have been avoided. CONCLUSIONS: actions aiming at minimizing the set of causes that lead to death by pre-eclampsia in Paraná should be enforced, including the training and monitoring of health professionals in order to apply the treatment protocols, besides the formalization of a reference net of clinics and hospitals, qualified for the care of high risk pregnancy and its intercurrences, ...
Assuntos
Adolescente , Adulto , Criança , Feminino , Humanos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Gravidez , Adulto Jovem , Eclampsia/mortalidade , Pré-Eclâmpsia/mortalidade , Brasil/epidemiologia , Causas de Morte , Estudos Transversais , Adulto JovemRESUMO
PURPOSE: to identify the profile, tendency and causes of maternal death by pre-eclampsia/eclampsia in Paraná. METHODS: descriptive, transversal cohort study on maternal death by pre-eclampsia/eclampsia from 1997 to 2005. Data were obtained from case studies prepared by Maternal Death Committees that employ the Reproductive Age Mortality Survey Method to examine all the cases of death among women in fertile age. The general and specific maternal death rate (MDR) by pre-eclampsia/eclampsia were considered. To evaluate the tendency, triennial periods have been compared, two by two, taking into consideration the MDR of each period (p<0.05). In the triennial period from 2003 to 2005, 56 deaths by pre-eclampsia/eclampsia were analyzed. The variables focused were: age, income, schooling, gestation number and complications, pre-natal conditions, signs and symptoms related to the condition, delivery route, the time gestation was interrupted, the newborn conditions, access and treatment, ability to avoid and prevention measures. RESULTS: the general triennial MDR has presented significant decline, with 64.3/100,000 born-alive babies. There has been stability along the period for MDR by hypertensive disorder, with MDR of 11.8/100,000 born-alive. Primiparous women, women over 40 and with low socio-economical status have presented higher risks. In relation to the treatment, there has been underuse or inadequate use of conventional medicines for severe pre-eclampsia and eclampsia. The committees' analysis indicated that all the maternal death due to these conditions could have been avoided. CONCLUSIONS: actions aiming at minimizing the set of causes that lead to death by pre-eclampsia in Paraná should be enforced, including the training and monitoring of health professionals in order to apply the treatment protocols, besides the formalization of a reference net of clinics and hospitals, qualified for the care of high risk pregnancy and its intercurrences, to which pre-natal pregnant women are enrolled.
